高深溜井井筒堵塞的爆破处理实践

溜井是采用平硐-溜井方式开拓矿山的运输咽喉,溜井正常与否对矿山生产影响极大。本文通过黑沟铁矿高深溜井井筒堵塞处理实例,对其堵塞爆破处理方法及经验做了系统分析。重点介绍的爆破冲击波破拱疏通高深溜井井筒高位堵塞的爆破方法,富有新意,可供国内外同类型矿山参考借鉴。     

Microbial fuel cell (MFC)-based biosensor for combined heavy metals monitoring and associated bioelectrochemical process

To explore the feasibility and related mechanism of MFC biosensor for wastewater detection under the action of combined heavy metals. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to explore the related bioelectrochemical process. The response of the reactor to single/combined heavy metals, low/high heavy metal concentrations, and the differences in ohmic resistance (Rs) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) were investigated using Ni as the core heavy metal and the combined action of Cd, Cu and Zn. The results indicated that there was a linear relationship between the concentration and output voltage of the MFC biosensor under the action of combined heavy metals (R² = 0.8803–0.973). However, the internal resistance (Rint) of the MFC biosensor under the action of single heavy metal was far less than that of the combined heavy metal group, and the power density (19.849 W m^?3) was 4 times that of the combined heavy metal group (3.109–4.589 W m^?3). The Rs of the biosensors in the combined heavy metal group were 0.868Ω and 0.860, which were higher than 0.768Ω of the single heavy metal sensor. With the increase of the concentration of heavy metals in the influent, the increase of Rct was more obvious in the combined group, while the Rs in the single group significantly increased (P < 0.05). The results imply that it is possible for MFC biosensors to be used in the detection of actual water polluted by various heavy metals, but the biosensor performance is mainly limited by Rct, which needs to be further improved.     

塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷柯东构造带甫沙4井原油来源及充注过程

甫沙4井位于塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷昆仑山前冲断带的柯东构造带上，北部和东部分别发育有柯克亚和柯东1井油气田。为研究甫沙4井原油来源与充注过程，对原油样品和连续抽提后的含油砂样各组分（游离态、束缚态、包裹体）进行GC、GC?MS和 GC?IRMS分析，与柯克亚凝析油气田油样进行油—油对比。结果表明：甫沙4井晚期充注原油组分具有C_29?32重排藿烷、重排甾烷和Ts相对含量高，C_27?29甾烷ααα 20R分布呈反“L”型，以及正构烷烃单体碳同位素值较低等特征，与柯克亚凝析油气田来源于二叠系普司格组（P_2?3p）烃源岩的主体原油（I类）地球化学特征一致。而早期充注的原油组分具有重排藿烷、重排甾烷和Ts相对含量较低，C_27?29甾烷ααα 20R分布呈“V”型，以及正构烷烃单体碳同位素值较高等特征，与柯克亚凝析油气田来源于中—下侏罗统湖相泥岩的II类原油地球化学特征一致。甫沙4井经历3个阶段成藏过程：①在上新世，二叠系烃源岩于生油晚期阶段生成的I类原油运移至柯克亚构造带或柯东构造带深部形成油藏；②在更新世早期，侏罗系烃源岩于生油早—中期生成的II类原油运移至甫沙4井白垩系储层；③在第四纪，强烈的构造作用使深部I类原油沿断裂调整进入甫沙4井白垩系储层。最终造成甫沙4井白垩系储层II类原油先充注，I类原油后充注的特殊现象。     

“半翻转”教学模式下评价指标体系研究与实践

研究基于“半翻转”教学模式的线上教学评价指标体系,包括课前活动开展、课中教学活动设计、课后任务以及基于此过程中的评价指标体系设计。最后通过层次分析法设计评价指标权重,设计评价算法得到动态评价结果。该评价指标体系应用在本专业“数据结构与算法”课程中,并得到良好的应用效果。     

Effect of organic solvent on the cold sintering processing of SrFe12O19 platelet-based permanent magnets

In this work we have investigated the effect of the solvent during the processing of SrFe₁₂O₁₉ platelet-based permanent magnets by cold sintering process (CSP) plus a post-thermal treatment. Several organic solvents: glacial acetic acid, oleic acid and oleylamine have been analyzed, optimizing the CSP temperatures at 190?270 °C, under pressures of 375?670 MPa and 6?50 wt% of solvent. Modifications in the morphological and structural properties are identified depending on the solvent, which impacts on the magnetic response. Independently of the solvent, the mechanical integrity of ferrite magnets obtained by CSP is improved by a post-annealing at 1100 °C for 2 h, resulting in relative densities around 92 % with an average grain size of 1 μm and a fraction of SrFe₁₂O₁₉ phase >91 %. H_C ≥ 2.1 kOe and M_S of 73 emu/g are obtained in the final sintered ceramic magnets, exhibiting the highest H_C value of 2.8 kOe for the magnet sintered using glacial acetic acid.     

红心火龙果发酵液喷雾干燥工艺优化及红心火龙果籽油的研究

以红心火龙果发酵液作为研究对象,通过优化喷雾干燥工艺制备粉剂,最佳工艺条件为:20%麦芽糊精,进液量:10mL/min,进口温度为120℃,出口温度为65℃;得到的粉剂为紫红色粉末,益生菌含量达到108cfu/g以上,口感酸甜。将发酵后的火龙果籽进行提取,得到的火龙果籽油含有丰富的十六酸、亚油酸和油酸。     

Effect of ultrasonic waveforms on gas–liquid mass transfer in microreactors

This study aims to investigate the effect of ultrasonic waveforms on the gas–liquid mass transfer process. For a given load power (P), continuous rectangular wave yielded stronger bubble oscillation and higher mass transfer coefficient (k_La) than continuous triangular and sinusoidal wave. For pulsed ultrasound, the k_La decreased monotonically with decreasing duty ratio (D), resulting in weak enhancement at low D (≤33%). For a given average load power (P_A), concentrating the P for a shorter period resulted in a higher k_La due to stronger cavitation behavior. For a given P_A and D, decreasing the pulse period (T) led to an increase in k_La, which reached a constant high level when the T fell below a critical value. By optimizing the D and T, a k_La equivalent to 92% of that under continuous ultrasound was obtained under pulsed ultrasound at a D of 67%, saving 33% in power consumption.     

Hydrogen permeability in subsurface

Clean hydrogen is a promising option for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, but it has not yet been used as an energy carrier at the scale required for meeting the net-zero target by 2050. Hydrogen molecules are smaller than nitrogen and methane molecules. Hydrogen, nitrogen, and methane have densities of 0.09 g/L, 1.25 g/L, and 0.71 g/L, respectively, at the standard temperature and pressure. Our knowledge of the geological formations is based on responses to the larger and heavier gases; it is unclear whether we can apply this knowledge to store hydrogen at the required scale.We investigate the single-phase flow of hydrogen in the subsurface and compare it with the single-phase flows of nitrogen and methane. The comparison with nitrogen is helpful because it is used under laboratory conditions. The comparison with methane is also beneficial because engineers understand its behavior under in-situ conditions. We use the Knudsen number (Kn) to determine the flow behaviors under laminar conditions within two domains. The first is a permeable medium representing a conventional gas reservoir, and the second is caprock. Our study shows that the existing knowledge of the first domain's permeability applies to hydrogen flow; however, it is unrealistic for the second domain. The single-phase permeability of the caprock obtained by nitrogen in the laboratory underestimates hydrogen permeability at low pressures (<10 MPa), and the deviation is a non-linear function of pressure. Our study also shows that hydrogen permeability is always larger than methane permeability in the caprock. The difference between the two, controlled by the reservoir pressure, reached 70% in the caprock. The presented results have applications if hydrogen storage in gas reservoirs becomes a reality.     

Investigation of corrosion properties with Ni–P/TiNO coating on aluminum alloy bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Aluminum alloy bipolar plates have unique application potential in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) due to the characteristics of lightweight and low cost. However, extreme susceptibility to corrosion in PEMFC operation condition limits the application. To promote the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy bipolar plates, a Ni–P/TiNO coating was prepared by electroless plating and closed field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion plating (CFUMSIP) technology on the 6061 Al substrate. The research results show that Ni–P interlayer improves the deposition effect of TiNO outer layer and increase the content of TiN and TiO_xN_y phases. Compared to Ni–P and TiNO single-layer coatings, the Ni–P/TiNO coating samples exhibited the lowest current density value of (1.10 ± 0.02) × 10^?6 A·cm^?2 in simulated PEMFC cathode environment. Additionally, potential cyclic polarization measurements were carried out aiming to evaluate the durability of the aluminum alloy bipolar plate during the PEMFC start-up/shut-up process. The results illustrate that the Ni–P/TiNO coating samples exhibit excellent stability and corrosion resistance.     

A new method for extrapolating the load-displacement response of drilled shaft foundations for interpretation of side capacity

In this study, the side capacity of drilled shaft foundations is estimated from partially-mobilized load–displacement field data using a new method in the extrapolation of load–displacement response. A dataset of 138 bi-directional load tests is used to evaluate the degree of mobilization of unit side resistance. A total of 612 unit side-resistance curves obtained from measured strain gauge recordings are utilized in this study. The proposed extrapolation approach is based on a new technique, the Double Tangent method, characterizing the extent of mobilization for each unit side-resistance curve. Roughly, 12% of the dataset exhibits a fully-mobilized load–displacement response, with the remainder exhibiting varying degrees of a partially-mobilized response. Fully-mobilized records are further characterized using the Double Tangent method over different ranges of mobilization, resulting in four regression models based on predominant soil types. Each model is assessed statistically, and a global regression model is found suitable to predict maximum unit side resistance. The global model is further validated using two independent load test datasets, comparing measured values of unit side resistance against predicted values. The model is then used to predict maximum unit side resistance for all partially-mobilized data within the dataset, and the results are compared to two extrapolation techniques currently used in practice. The corresponding resistance-displacement response is extrapolated using a proposed asymptotic curve-fitting function for side resistance, and an example extrapolation is illustrated to showcase how the proposed method can be used in engineering practice.